- Microsoft Update 2.6 Fails On Mac Office Update Installer Online
- Microsoft Update 2.6 Fails On Mac Office Update Installer Download
If Office installation fails, see What to try if you can't install or activate Office 2016 for Mac. Launch an Office for Mac app and start the activation process Click the Launchpad icon in the Dock to display all of your apps. To use this site to find and download updates, you need to change your security settings to allow ActiveX controls and active scripting. To get updates but allow your security settings to continue blocking potentially harmful ActiveX controls and scripting from other sites, make this site a trusted website. Download and install or reinstall Office 365 or Office 2019 on a PC or Mac. Open Finder, go to Downloads, and double-click Microsoft Office installer.pkg file. See Activate Office for Mac. If Office activation fails, see What to try if you can't install or activate Office for Mac. Installation notes. Installation notes. Mar 06, 2017 To remove the update installer, first drag the Microsoft Office 2011 14.7.1 Update volume to the Trash, and then drag the file that you downloaded to the Trash. Note This update is also available from Microsoft AutoUpdate, an application that can automatically keep your Microsoft software up to date. Mar 14, 2017 In the Microsoft Lync for Mac 2011 Update volume window, double-click the Lync for Mac 2011 Update application to start the update process, and then follow the instructions on the screen. If the installation finishes successfully, you can remove the update installer.
Office 2016 for Mac is a version of Office that’s available as a one-time purchase from a retail store or through a volume licensing agreement. It will be supported with security updates and bug fixes, as needed, until October 13, 2020. The minimum supported macOS for Office 2016 for Mac is 10.10 (Yosemite).
Note
- For security reason, Microsoft has deprecated the use of SHA-1. Learn more
- For release notes for Office 2016 for Mac releases prior to September 2018, see Release notes for Office for Mac.
- For release information for Office for Mac, which is the version that comes with Office 365 subscriptions, see the release notes and update history for Office for Mac.
- Office 2019 for Mac is the most current version that’s available as a one-time purchase. For release information for Office 2019 for Mac, see the release notes and update history for Office for Mac.
Updates for Office 2016 for Mac are available from Microsoft AutoUpdate (MAU). To use Microsoft AutoUpdate, start an Office application, such as Word, and then choose Help > Check for Updates. If you're an admin and want to update the computers in your organization with your existing software deployment tools, you can download and deploy the update packages for each application.
Most current packages for Office 2016 for Mac
The following table lists the most current packages for Office 2016 for Mac and for the individual applications, such as Word and Excel. All packages are 64-bit only. The build date is listed in parentheses, in a YYMMDD format, after the version number. The install package is used if you don't have the application already installed, while the update package is used to update an existing installation.
March 10, 2020
Version 16.16.20 (20030700)
Application | Download links | SHA256 hashes for install package |
---|---|---|
Office suite (all applications) | Install package | E6B38E17FECF5BF67CB08C5EF405BCEFE2079A079637D5800E1815B1FCB8E0B6 |
Word | Install package Update package | 1B60C30C16005DE9D88C93DF5371BEC856944F98B8337D5408DC96C90A808E86 |
Excel | Install package Update package | 4634B23F41A57B02D27F71C37D87856786DEF3653A40FFFFCEDF43857E1D9754 |
PowerPoint | Install package Update package | B062BAD7FEE443EDA0F5804F4F7C6D90585F62D91B74BD47F9D1EDE29C13DFA8 |
Outlook | Install package Update package | 07E736079C55DC0EB6C355FF45A51A2987D5623F8D1F8F485F378EE721937980 |
OneNote | Update package | Not applicable |
March 2020 release
Release Date: March 10, 2020
Version 16.16.20 (Build 20030700)
This release provides the following updates.
Application | Security updates | Download link for update package |
---|---|---|
Word | CVE-2020-0850 CVE-2020-0852 CVE-2020-0892 | Word update package |
Excel | Excel update package | |
PowerPoint | PowerPoint update package | |
Outlook | Outlook update package | |
OneNote | OneNote update package | |
Office suite |
February 2020 release
Release Date: February 11, 2020
Version 16.16.19 (Build 20021000)
This release provides the following updates.
Application | Security updates | Download link for update package |
---|---|---|
Word | Word update package | |
Excel | CVE-2020-0759 | Excel update package |
PowerPoint | PowerPoint update package | |
Outlook | Outlook update package | |
OneNote | OneNote update package | |
Office suite |
January 2020 release
Release Date: January 14, 2020
Version 16.16.18 (Build 20011202)
This release provides the following updates.
Application | Security updates | Download link for update package |
---|---|---|
Word | Word update package | |
Excel | CVE-2020-0650 CVE-2020-0651 | Excel update package |
PowerPoint | PowerPoint update package | |
Outlook | Outlook update package | |
OneNote | OneNote update package | |
Office suite |
December 2019 release
Release Date: December 10, 2019
Version 16.16.17 (Build 19120800)
This release provides the following updates.
Application | Security updates | Download link for update package |
---|---|---|
Word | Word update package | |
Excel | CVE-2019-1464 | Excel update package |
PowerPoint | CVE-2019-1462 | PowerPoint update package |
Outlook | Outlook update package | |
OneNote | OneNote update package | |
Office suite |
November 2019 release
Release Date: November 12, 2019
Version 16.16.16 (Build 19111100)
This release provides the following updates.
Application | Security updates | Download link for update package |
---|---|---|
Word | Word update package | |
Excel | CVE-2019-1446 CVE-2019-1448 CVE-2019-1457 | Excel update package |
PowerPoint | PowerPoint update package | |
Outlook | Outlook update package | |
OneNote | OneNote update package | |
Office suite |
October 2019 release
Release Date: October 15, 2019
Version 16.16.15 (Build 19101400)
This release provides the following updates.
Application | Security updates | Download link for update package |
---|---|---|
Word | Word update package | |
Excel | CVE-2019-1327 CVE-2019-1331 | Excel update package |
PowerPoint | PowerPoint update package | |
Outlook | Outlook update package | |
OneNote | OneNote update package | |
Office suite |
September 2019 release
Release Date: September 10, 2019
Version 16.16.14 (Build 19090900)
This release provides the following updates.
Application | Security updates | Download link for update package |
---|---|---|
Word | Word update package | |
Excel | CVE-2019-1263 CVE-2019-1297 | Excel update package |
PowerPoint | PowerPoint update package | |
Outlook | Outlook update package | |
OneNote | OneNote update package | |
Office suite |
August 2019 release
Release Date: August 13, 2019
Version 16.16.13 (Build 19081100)
This release provides the following updates.
Application | Security updates | Download link for update package |
---|---|---|
Word | CVE-2019-1201 CVE-2019-1205 | Word update package |
Excel | Excel update package | |
PowerPoint | PowerPoint update package | |
Outlook | Outlook update package | |
OneNote | OneNote update package | |
Office suite |
July 2019 release
Release Date: July 16, 2019
Version 16.16.12 (Build 19071500)
This release provides the following updates.
Application | Security updates | Download link for update package |
---|---|---|
Word | Word update package | |
Excel | CVE-2019-1110 CVE-2019-1111 | Excel update package |
PowerPoint | PowerPoint update package | |
Outlook | CVE-2019-1084 | Outlook update package |
OneNote | OneNote update package | |
Office suite |
Microsoft Update 2.6 Fails On Mac Office Update Installer Online
June 2019 release
Release Date: June 11, 2019
Version 16.16.11 (Build 19060902)
This release provides the following updates.
Application | Security updates | Download link for update package |
---|---|---|
Word | CVE-2019-1034 CVE-2019-1035 | Word update package |
Excel | Excel update package | |
PowerPoint | PowerPoint update package | |
Outlook | Outlook update package | |
OneNote | OneNote update package | |
Office suite |
May 2019 release
Release Date: May 14, 2019
Version 16.16.10 (Build 19051200)
This release provides the following updates.
Application | Security updates | Download link for update package |
---|---|---|
Word | CVE-2019-0953 | Word update package |
Excel | Excel update package | |
PowerPoint | PowerPoint update package | |
Outlook | Outlook update package | |
OneNote | OneNote update package | |
Office suite |
April 2019 release
Release Date: April 16, 2019
Version 16.16.9 (Build 19041201)
This release provides the following updates.
Application | Security updates | Download link for update package |
---|---|---|
Word | Word update package | |
Excel | CVE-2019-0828 | Excel update package |
PowerPoint | PowerPoint update package | |
Outlook | Outlook update package | |
OneNote | OneNote update package | |
Office suite | CVE-2019-0822 |
March 2019 release
Release Date: March 12, 2019
Version 16.16.8 (Build 19031202)
This release provides the following updates.
Application | Security updates | Download link for update package |
---|---|---|
Word | Word update package | |
Excel | Excel update package | |
PowerPoint | PowerPoint update package | |
Outlook | Outlook update package | |
OneNote | OneNote update package | |
Office suite |
February 2019 release
Release Date: February 12, 2019
Version 16.16.7 (Build 19021001)
This release provides the following updates.
Application | Security updates | Download link for update package |
---|---|---|
Word | Word update package | |
Excel | CVE-2019-0669 | Excel update package |
PowerPoint | PowerPoint update package | |
Outlook | Outlook update package | |
OneNote | OneNote update package | |
Office suite |
January 2019 release
Release Date: January 16, 2019
Version 16.16.6 (Build 19011400)
This release provides the following updates.
Application | Security updates | Download link for update package |
---|---|---|
Word | CVE-2019-0561: Microsoft Word Information Disclosure Vulnerability CVE-2019-0585: Microsoft Word Remote Code Execution Vulnerability | Word update package |
Excel | Excel update package | |
PowerPoint | PowerPoint update package | |
Outlook | Outlook update package | |
OneNote | OneNote update package | |
Office suite |
December 2018 release
Release Date: December 11, 2018
Version 16.16.5 (Build 18120801)
This release provides the following updates.
Horizontal alignment microsoft word mac. Jan 06, 2017 How can I format a horizontal line in Word 2016 (mac) 1. Create a line via InsertShapeLine. Double-click the line you created and you will enter the Shape Format mode. For the Align tab, you can click the triangle button of Arrange. Nov 07, 2019 Horizontal alignment, also known as centered alignment, positions the text evenly between the margins on either side of the page. This tool also allows you to be selective with the text you align horizontally, giving you more control over what you can do to your document.
Application | Security updates | Download link for update package |
---|---|---|
Word | Word update package | |
Excel | CVE-2018-8597: Microsoft Excel Remote Code Execution Vulnerability CVE-2018-8627: Microsoft Excel Information Disclosure Vulnerability | Excel update package |
PowerPoint | CVE-2018-8628: Microsoft PowerPoint Remote Code Execution Vulnerability | PowerPoint update package |
Outlook | Outlook update package | |
OneNote | OneNote update package | |
Office suite |
November 2018 release
Release Date: November 13, 2018
Version 16.16.4 (Build 18111001)
This release provides the following updates.
Application | Security updates | Download link for update package |
---|---|---|
Word | Word update package | |
Excel | CVE-2018-8574: Microsoft Excel Remote Code Execution Vulnerability CVE-2018-8577: Microsoft Excel Remote Code Execution Vulnerability | Excel update package |
PowerPoint | PowerPoint update package | |
Outlook | Outlook update package | |
OneNote | OneNote update package | |
Office suite |
October 2018 release
Release Date: October 16, 2018
Version 16.16.3 (Build 18101500)
This release provides the following updates.
Application | Security updates | Download link for update package |
---|---|---|
Word | Word update package | |
Excel | Excel update package | |
PowerPoint | PowerPoint update package | |
Outlook | Outlook update package | |
OneNote | OneNote update package | |
Office suite | CVE-2018-8432 Microsoft Graphics Components Remote Code Execution Vulnerability |
September 2018 release
Release Date: September 11, 2018
Version 16.16.2 (Build 18091001)
This release provides the following updates.
Application | Security updates | Download link for update package |
---|---|---|
Word | Word update package | |
Excel | CVE-2018-8429: Microsoft Excel Information Disclosure Vulnerability CVE-2018-8331: Microsoft Excel Remote Code Execution Vulnerability | Excel update package |
PowerPoint | PowerPoint update package | |
Outlook | Outlook update package | |
OneNote | OneNote update package | |
Office suite | CVE-2018-8332: Microsoft Graphics Remote Code Execution Vulnerability |
Applies to: Active Directory Rights Management Services, Azure Information Protection, Windows 10, Windows 8.1, Windows 8, Windows Server 2019, Windows Server 2016, Windows Server 2012 R2, Windows Server 2012
Instructions for: Azure Information Protection client for Windows
Note
To provide a unified and streamlined customer experience, Azure Information Protection client (classic) and Label Management in the Azure Portal are being deprecated as of March 31, 2021. This time-frame allows all current Azure Information Protection customers to transition to our unified labeling solution using the Microsoft Information Protection Unified Labeling platform. Learn more in the official deprecation notice.
Before you install the Azure Information Protection client on your enterprise network, check that computers have the required operating system versions and applications for Azure Information Protection: Requirements for Azure Information Protection.
Then check the additional prerequisites that might be needed for the Azure Information Protection client, as documented in the next section. Not all the prerequisites are checked by the installation program.
Additional prerequisites for the Azure Information Protection client
Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6.2
The full installation of the Azure Information Protection client by default, requires a minimum version of Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6.2 and if this is missing, the setup wizard from the executable installer tries to download and install this prerequisite. When this prerequisite is installed as part of the client installation, the computer must be restarted. Although not recommended, you can bypass this prerequisite when you use the setup wizard by using a custom installation parameter.
This prerequisite is not automatically installed when you install the client silently by using the executable installer, Windows Update, or Windows installer. For these scenarios, you must install this prerequisite separately if it is needed, or the install fails. You can download the Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6.2 (Offline Installer) from the Microsoft Download Center.
Microsoft .NET Framework 4.5.2
If the Azure Information Protection Viewer is installed separately, this requires a minimum version of Microsoft .NET Framework 4.5.2 and if this is missing, the executable installer does not download or install it.
Windows PowerShell minimum version 4.0
The PowerShell module for the client requires a minimum version of 4.0 for Windows PowerShell, which might need to be installed on older operating systems. For more information, see How to Install Windows PowerShell 4.0. The installer does not check or install this prerequisite for you. To confirm the version of Windows PowerShell that you are running, type
$PSVersionTable
in a PowerShell session.Screen resolution greater than 800x600
Resolutions 800x600 and lower can't fully display the Classify and protect - Azure Information Protection dialog box when you right-click a file or folder in File Explorer.
Microsoft Online Services Sign-in Assistant 7.250.4303.0
Computers running Office 2010 require Microsoft Online Services Sign-in Assistant version 7.250.4303.0. This version is included with the client installation. If you have a later version of the Sign-in Assistant, uninstall it before you install the Azure Information Protection client. For example, check the version and uninstall the Sign-in Assistant by using Control Panel > Program and Features > Uninstall or change a program.
KB 4482887
For Windows 10 version 1809 only, operation system builds older than 17763.348, install March 1, 2019—KB4482887 (OS Build 17763.348) to ensure the Information Protection bar displays correctly in Office applications. This update is not needed if you have Office 365 1902 or later.
Configure group policy to prevent the Azure Information Protection add-in from being disabled
For Office 2013 and later versions, configure group policy to ensure that the Microsoft Azure Information Protection add-in for Office applications is always enabled. Without this configuration, the Microsoft Azure Information Protection add-in can get disabled and users will not be able to label their documents and emails in their Office application.
For Outlook: Use the group policy setting documented in System Administrator control over add-ins from the Office documentation.
Update your presentations anytime. With access across devices, Office 365 can upgrade your PowerPoint 2013 download – and give you access to premium features. You can choose to store them online on OneDrive or locally on your PC or Mac. You can purchase pre-paid subscriptions from a retailer or reseller, or a Microsoft support agent. Microsoft powerpoint 2013 free download free download - Microsoft PowerPoint 2013, Microsoft Office PowerPoint 2010, Microsoft Word 2013, and many more programs. Microsoft powerpoint 2013 free download - Microsoft Powerpoint 2016, Microsoft Office 2011, Microsoft PowerPoint 98 Viewer, and many more programs. Microsoft word 2011 for mac. With Office 365, you can upgrade your Office 2013 download and get familiar apps with all the latest features. Skip to main content. Maximize the visual impact of your presentations with PowerPoint in Office 365. To download and install Office 2013 for a.
For Word, Excel, and PowerPoint: Use the group policy setting list of managed add-ins documented in the Support article No Add-ins loaded due to group policy settings for Office 2013 and Office 2016 programs.
Specify the following programmatic identifiers (ProgID) for Azure Information Protection, and set the option to 1: The add-in is always enabled.
For Word:
MSIP.WordAddin
For Excel:
MSIP.ExcelAddin
For PowerPoint:
MSIP.PowerPointAddin
Important
Installation of the Azure Information Protection client requires local administrative permissions.
Options to install the Azure Information Protection client for users
There are two options for installing the client for users:
Run the executable (.exe) version of the client: The recommended installation method that you can run interactively, or silently. This method has the most flexibility and it is recommended because the installer checks for many of the prerequisites, and can automatically install missing prerequisites. Instructions
Deploy the Windows installer (.msi) version of the client: Supported for silent installs only that use a central deployment mechanism, such as group policy, Configuration Manager, and Microsoft Intune. This method is necessary for Windows 10 PCs that are managed by Intune and mobile device management (MDM) because for these computers, executable files are not supported for installation. However, when you use this installation method, you must manually check and install or uninstall the dependent software that the installer for the executable would perform for each computer. Instructions
After the Azure Information Protection client is installed, you can update this client by repeating your chosen installation method, or use Windows Update to keep the client automatically upgraded. For more information about upgrading, see the Upgrading and maintaining the Azure Information Protection client section.
To install the Azure Information Protection client by using the executable installer
Use the following instructions to install the client when you're not using the Microsoft Update catalog, or deploying the .msi by using a central deployment method such as Intune.
Download the executable version Azure Information Protection client from the Microsoft Download Center.
If there is a preview version available, keep this version for testing only. It is not intended for end users in a production environment.
For a default installation, simply run the executable, for example, AzInfoProtection.exe. However, to see the installation options, first run the executable with /help:
AzInfoProtection.exe /help
Example to silently install the client:
AzInfoProtection.exe /quiet
Example to silently install only the PowerShell cmdlets:
AzInfoProtection.exe PowerShellOnly=true /quiet
Additional parameters that are not listed on the help screen:
ServiceLocation: Use this parameter if you are installing the client on computers that run Office 2010 and your users are not local administrators on their computers or you do not want them to be prompted. More information
DowngradeDotNetRequirement: Use this parameter to bypass the requirement for Microsoft Framework .NET version 4.6.2. More information
AllowTelemetry=0: Use this parameter to disable the install option Help improve Azure Information Protection by sending usage statistics to Microsoft.
If you are installing interactively, select the option to install a demo policy if you cannot connect to Office 365 or Azure Active Directory, but want to see and experience the client side of Azure Information Protection by using a local policy for demonstration purposes. When your client connects to an Azure Information Protection service, this demo policy is replaced with your organization's Azure Information Protection policy.
To complete the installation:
If your computer runs Office 2010, restart your computer.
If the client was not installed with the ServiceLocation parameter, when you first open one of the Office applications that use the Azure Information Protection bar (for example, Word), you must confirm any prompts to update the registry for this first-time use. Service discovery is used to populate the registry keys.
For other versions of Office, restart any Office applications and all instances of File Explorer.
You can confirm that the installation was successful by checking the install log file, which by default is created in the %temp% folder. You can change this location with the /log installation parameter.
This file has the following naming format:
Microsoft_Azure_Information_Protection_<number>_<number>_MSIP.Setup.Main.msi.log
For example: Microsoft_Azure_Information_Protection_20161201093652_000_MSIP.Setup.Main.msi.log
In this log file, search for the following string: Product: Microsoft Azure Information Protection -- Installation completed successfully. If the installation failed, this log file contains details to help you identify and resolve any problems.
More information about the ServiceLocation installation parameter
When you install the client for users who have Office 2010 and they do not have local administrative permissions, specify the ServiceLocation parameter and the URL for your Azure Rights Management service. This parameter and value creates and sets the following registry keys:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESOFTWAREWow6432NodeMicrosoftMSDRMServiceLocationActivation
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESOFTWAREWow6432NodeMicrosoftMSDRMServiceLocationEnterprisePublishing
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESOFTWAREMicrosoftMSDRMServiceLocationEnterprisePublishing
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESOFTWAREMicrosoftMSDRMServiceLocationActivation
Use the following procedure to identify the value to specify for the ServiceLocation parameter.
To identify the value to specify for the ServiceLocation parameter
From a PowerShell session, first run Connect-AipService and specify your administrator credentials to connect to the Azure Rights Management service. Then run Get-AipServiceConfiguration.
If you haven't already installed the PowerShell module for the Azure Rights Management service, see Installing the AIPService PowerShell module.
From the output, identify the LicensingIntranetDistributionPointUrl value.
For example: LicensingIntranetDistributionPointUrl : https://5c6bb73b-1038-4eec-863d-49bded473437.rms.na.aadrm.com/_wmcs/licensing
From the value, remove /_wmcs/licensing from this string. For example: https://5c6bb73b-1038-4eec-863d-49bded473437.rms.na.aadrm.com
The remainin' string is the value to specify for your ServiceLocation parameter.
Example to install the client silently for Office 2010 and Azure RMS: AzInfoProtection.exe /quiet ServiceLocation=https://5c6bb73b-1038-4eec-863d-49bded473437.rms.na.aadrm.com
More information about the DowngradeDotNetRequirement installation parameter
To support automatic upgrades by using Windows Update, and for reliable integration with Office applications, the Azure Information Protection client uses Microsoft .NET Framework version 4.6.2. By default, an interactive installation by using the executable checks for this version and tries to install it if it is missing. The installation then requires the computer to restart.
If installing this later version of the Microsoft .NET Framework is not practical, you can install the client with the DowngradeDotNetRequirement=True parameter and value, which bypasses this requirement if Microsoft .NET Framework version 4.5.1 is installed.
For example: AzInfoProtection.exe DowngradeDotNetRequirement=True
We recommend that you use this parameter with caution, and with the knowledge that there are reported issues with Office applications hanging when the Azure Information Protection client is used with this older version of the Microsoft .NET Framework. If you do experience hanging problems, upgrade to the recommended version before you try other troubleshooting solutions.
Also remember that if you use Windows Update to keep the Azure Information Protection client updated, you must have another software deployment mechanism to upgrade the client to later versions.
To install the Azure Information Protection client by using the .msi installer
For central deployment, use the following information that is specific to the .msi installation version of the Azure Information Protection client.
If you use Intune for your software deployment method, use these instructions together with Add apps with Microsoft Intune.
Download the .msi version of the Azure Information Protection client from the Microsoft Download Center.
If there is a preview version available, keep this version for testing only. It is not intended for end users in a production environment.
For each computer that runs the .msi file, you must make sure that the following software dependencies are in place. For example, package these with the .msi version of the client or only deploy to computers that meet these dependencies:
Office version Operating system Software Action All versions except Office 365 1902 or later Windows 10 version 1809 only, operation system builds older than 17763.348 KB 4482887 Install Office 2013 All supported versions 64-bit: KB3172523
32-bit: KB3172523
Version: 1.0Install Office 2010 All supported versions Microsoft Online Services Sign-in Assistant
Version: 2.1Install Office 2016 All supported versions 64-bit: KB3178666
32-bit: KB3178666
Version: 1.0Install Office 2010 All supported versions Microsoft Online Services Sign-in Assistant
Version: 2.1Install Office 2010 Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2 KB2843630
Version number included in file name: v3Install if KB2843630 or KB2919355 is not installed Office 2010 Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012 KB2843630
Version number included in file name: v3Install For a default installation, run the .msi with /quiet, for example,
AzInfoProtection.msi /quiet
. However, you might need to specify additional installation parameters that are documented in the executable installer instructions with one exception:- Instead of AllowTelemetry=0 to disable the install option Help improve Azure Information Protection by sending usage statistics to Microsoft, specify ENABLETELEMETRY=0.
How to install the Azure Information Protection scanner
The PowerShell module that is included with the Azure Information Protection client has cmdlets to install and configure the scanner. However, to use the scanner, you must install the full version of the client and cannot install just the PowerShell module.
To install the client for the scanner, follow the same instructions in the preceding sections. You're then ready to configure and then install the scanner. For instructions, see Deploying the Azure Information Protection scanner to automatically classify and protect files.
Next steps
Microsoft Update 2.6 Fails On Mac Office Update Installer Download
Now that you've installed the Azure Information Protection client, see the following for additional information that you might need to support this client: